- Engine operation
(1) Engine normal starting requirements
- The starter does not exceed 30s per operation, and the time interval between restarts is 2min.
- The lubricating oil pressure should reach 70KPa within 15s after starting, otherwise check the oil surface immediately.
- After starting, the idle speed will be 3-5min to increase the load. Otherwise, the bearing bush will have insufficient oil supply.
- The idle speed should not exceed 10 minutes, otherwise there will be undesirable phenomena such as carbon deposit in the combustion chamber and oil leakage from the supercharger.
- The engine water temperature should not be lower than 60 °C, otherwise the fuel will enter the oil and destroy the lubrication. The empty car can be used to accelerate the water temperature.
- Keep the idle speed after starting in winter, until the water temperature indicator is turned or 10 minutes later. Observe the water temperature gauge and pay attention to whether the oil pressure gauge meets the requirements. Always use a sprayer with a metered hole when using the auxiliary starter fluid in winter.
(2) Basic operational requirements
- Always observe the instrument during engine operation: the water temperature should be between 74 °C and 91 °C; the oil pressure should be greater than 70 KPa at idle speed and 276-517 kPa at 1200 r/min or higher.
- If the engine is overheated, reduce the load operation. If the load is reduced after running for a period of time, stop it and check the fault.
- During operation, pay close attention to the following changes in the engine. If any one of them changes suddenly, it is likely to be a sign of failure. Please check and repair it in time.
1 engine fire or fire is bad; 2 vibration situation; 3 engine has abnormal noise; 4 engine working pressure, sudden temperature change; 5 engine exhaust smoke is too large; 6 engine power is insufficient; 7 engine oil consumption becomes large; The consumption becomes larger; 9 fuel, oil or water leaks.
(3) Engine operating range
- When the engine is lower than the maximum torque speed, the full throttle operation should not exceed 30s, otherwise the engine overhaul life will be shortened and the engine may be seriously damaged. Cummins engines work best above the maximum torque speed point, so it is recommended to operate the engine within this range.
- Under no circumstances or in the environment, the engine should not exceed the maximum empty speed.
(4) Engines operating in a cold environment
Special oil, fuel and coolant should be used when operating the engine in extremely cold environments.
(5) Engine stop
- Idle speed 3-5min before stopping. Because the diesel engine idles for 3-5 minutes before each stop, it allows the oil to take away heat from the combustion chamber, bearings and oil seals, especially the supercharger. If the machine suddenly stops, the bearing and oil seal are likely to be killed.
- The purpose of the shutdown can be achieved by cutting off the current of the fuel pump solenoid valve.
2, engine maintenance
Maintenance is the key to reducing the cost of use. A diesel engine needs to be regularly maintained according to the maintenance schedule in order to maintain effective operation. Preventive maintenance is the easiest and most economical maintenance. It allows the maintenance department to work at the right time. The maintenance cycle and contents of the engine of different series and models are slightly different. For details, please refer to the engine maintenance manual. The following is a brief introduction to the maintenance cycle and contents of the N and K series engines.
(1) Class A maintenance inspection (daily inspection)
Daily engine work daily reports are provided to the maintenance department.
1 Report content: a. Whether the oil pressure is low; b. Whether the power is insufficient; c. Whether the cooling water or oil temperature is abnormal; d. Whether the engine sound is abnormal; e. Whether it smokes; f. Whether the coolant, fuel or oil Excessive consumption; g. Whether coolant, fuel or oil leaks.
2 Check the engine: a. Check the engine oil level; b. Check the engine coolant level; 3 Check the pump belt; 4 Check the marine gear box; 5 Check the engine for leaks, bumps, looseness, etc.
